Divorce--Negotiating Agreement: Ten Steps

The best predictor of a good divorce outcome is thecomplete the information gathering (see Step 6 of my
degree of client control over thearticle "Divorce--Overcoming Obstacles to
negotiation--everything works much better if you haveAgreement"), then try to agree on what the facts are.
it. This doesn't mean you should not get help andWrite down the facts you agree on and list exactly
advice from an attorney if you want it; it means youwhat facts you do not agree on. Note any competing
are better off if you plan to do most or all of theversions then do research to resolve the difference by
negotiating yourself.research and exchanging records. Compromise. If you
can't prove some fact to each other, you may have a
Studies indicate that clients feel their attorneys don'thard time proving it in court.
actually give them much help or guidance anyway. In aMake a list of the issues and decisions you can agree
1976 Connecticut study, nearly half of thoseon. Write them down. This is how you build a
interviewed reported no more than three contacts withfoundation for agreement and begin to clarify the
their attorney, including phone calls, while 60% said theymajor issues between you.
had worked out all issues without attorney help.Next, write down the things you don't agree on.
Always keep trying to refine your differences--to
A New Jersey study in 1984 considered only casesmake them more and more clear and precise. Try to
with children where both spouses had attorneys.break differences down into digestible, bite-sized
Fewer than 20% felt their lawyers had played a majorpieces.
role in settlement negotiations.6. Consider the needs and interests of both spouses:
Avoid taking a position. Consider your needs, interests
So, you see, you are likely to end up dealing with theand concerns alongside the facts of your situation.
negotiation anyway and there is strong evidence thatWork together on brainstorming and problem-solving;
you are far better off if you do. You get a higherlook for ways to satisfy needs and interests of both
degree of compliance with terms of agreement, aspouses and try to balance the sacrifices.
much lower chance for future courtroom conflict,
co-parenting is smoother, support payments are more7. State issues in a constructive way: "Reframing" is
likely to be made in full and on time, and you get onwhen you restate things in a more neutral way, to
with your life more quickly.encourage communication and understanding.
Don't expect negotiating with a spouse to be easy.For example: One spouse says, "I have to keep the
There are lots of built-in difficulties--so many that youhouse." Reframe: "What I would like most is to keep
may want professional help from a good mediator. But,the house, that's my first priority, because . . . What the
okay, so there are problems--that's nothing new in thehouse means to me is . . ."
world of divorce. Let's look at exactly what you can
do about it. Here are ten steps you can take to make8. Get legal advice: Typically, legal questions come up
your negotiations work:as you negotiate. Get advice; find out if the laws of
your state provide a clear, predictable outcome on
1. Be businesslike:your particular issue. Don't hesitate to get more than
Keep business and personal matters separate. Youone opinion.
can talk about personal matters any time, but never
discuss business without an appointment and an9. Be patient and persistent: Don't rush, don't be in a
agenda. This is so you can both be prepared andhurry. Divorces take time and negotiation takes time.
composed.
Act businesslike: be on time and dress for business.Whenever someone hears a new idea, it takes time
Don't socialize and don't drink; it impairs your judgment.to percolate. It takes time for people to change their
Be polite and insist on reasonable manners in return. Ifminds. It may take time to shift your mutual orientation
things start to sneak into the personal or becomefrom combative to competitive to cooperative. So
unbusinesslike, say you're going to stop if the meetingdon't just do something; stand there! A slow, gradual
doesn't get back on track. Ask to set another date. Ifapproach takes pressure off and allows emotions to
matters don't improve, don't argue, don't get mad, justcool.
get up and go.
2. Meet on neutral ground: Find a neutral place to10. Get help: Negotiating with your spouse may not be
meet, not the home or office of either spouse whereeasy; you're dealing with old habits, raw wounds,
there could be too many reminders, memories,entrenched personality patterns--all the obstacles to
personal triggers. Or the visiting spouse could feel atagreement all at once. A third person can really help
some disadvantage and the home spouse can't get upkeep things in focus.
and go if things get out of hand. Try a restaurant, the
park, borrow a meeting space or rent one ifMediators are professionals who are specially trained
necessary.to help you negotiate; they are expert at helping
couples get unblocked and into an agreement.
3. Be prepared: Get control of the facts of your ownMediation is very effective and it usually goes quickly.
divorce; understand how the laws of your state apply
to the facts; find out the probable outcomes under theBefore you begin to negotiate, get a copy of Divorce
law; clarify your goals. You can also prepare by tryingSolutions: How to Make Any Divorce Better (the book
to understand your respective emotions and pastfrom which this article was excerpted) for you and
patterns. Just the fact that you are trying to do this willyour spouse. Then, if possible, discuss parts of it
help make things a little better.together.
4. Balance the negotiating power:There are many good books about negotiation, but
one of the best and easiest to read is the little
(150-page) Penguin paperback by Fisher and Ury,
If you feel insecure, become informed, be wellGetting to Yes: Negotiating Agreement Without Giving
prepared, use an agenda, get expert advice andIn, available at along with other recommended books
guidance. There's never any need to respond on theand software.
spot: state your ideas, listen to your spouse, then think
about it until the next meeting. Don't meet if you areCopyright 2005 Ed ShermanEd Sherman is a family
not calm; if the meeting doesn't stay businesslike, don'tlaw attorney, divorce expert, and founder of Nolo
continue. If this happens often, consider using aPress. He started the self-help law movement in 1971
professional mediator.when he published the first edition of How to Do Your
If you are the stronger spouse, help build yourOwn Divorce, and founded the paralegal industry in
spouse's confidence so he or she can negotiate1973. With more than a million books sold, Ed has
competently and make sound decisions. And listen,saved the public billions of dollars in legal fees while
listen, listen.making divorce go more smoothly and easily for
5. Build agreement:millions of readers. You can order his books from or
Start with the facts: You should by now haveby calling (800) 464-5502.
gathered and exchanged all information. If not,